What is DORA?
The Digital Operational Resilience Act, Regulation (EU) 2022/2554, has applied since 17 January 2025. It covers most EU financial entities (banks, insurers, investment firms, payment and e-money institutions, crypto-asset service providers and others) and brings their critical ICT third-party providers under EU oversight. As a regulation, it applies directly in every member state.
The five pillars
| Pillar | DORA | In practice |
|---|---|---|
| ICT risk management | Art 5-13 | A documented framework owned by the management body, covering identification, protection, detection, response, recovery and learning |
| Incident management and reporting | Art 17-19 | Classify ICT incidents and report major ones to your authority on tight deadlines set by Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/301 |
| Resilience testing | Art 24-26 | A testing programme, and threat-led penetration testing (TLPT) at least every three years for entities the authorities identify |
| ICT third-party risk | Art 28-30 | A register of ICT providers, due diligence, contract terms and exit plans |
| Information sharing | Art 45 | Voluntary sharing of cyber threat information between financial entities |
If you supply ICT services to a financial entity
DORA reaches you through your customer's contracts even if you are not designated as a critical provider: expect audit rights, security requirements, incident notice obligations and exit assistance clauses. Being ready to evidence your controls makes those negotiations shorter.
The scorecard above checks ten core expectations drawn from these chapters. It is a starting gap list, not an assessment against the full regulation and its technical standards. See security testing and banks and financial services.
Sources
Facts checked against the sources above on 22 October 2026. General information, not legal advice.
